I for d1.1, I have all position cert. SO that means, I passed a groove weld on open plate with a backing strip, doing a vertical up weld and then a over head weld. They test plate, is then cut to get 2 pieces called a coupon. they bend the root pass and then the face 180 degree bend to see if it cracks or breaks.

The d1.5( bridge) is set up the same way, but the whole piece is x ray before testing. Including all of your starts and stops.
I have a stick, fcaw in d1.1
stick, fcaw and submerged arc in d1.5

You have to keep the weld 1.8inch over the top of the plate when finished. Anything over is a fail anything under the plate surface is a fail